This results from some type of irritation in the external ear canal, otitis externa, foreign bodies, or irritation to the Pinna itself Aural hematomas in the canine and feline can result from otitis externa which causes the animal to shake its head and scratch at the ears. The Pinna may be inflamed in the early stage or thickened, scaly, and exudative in later stages. Therefore remain alert of other problems when diseases of the ear are seen.ĭisease of the Pinna may be associated with otitis externa. It is important not to forget that the ear can be an indicator of other systemic problems, for example, hypothyroidism, generalized dermatitis, eczema, etc. The tympanic membrane should be examined for any variance from its normal concave, pearly gray color and glistening appearance. The examiner is then able to note any trauma, foreign bodies, hair mats, ectoparasites, etc. Otoscopic examination allows one to explore the ventral vertical canal, horizontal canal and tympanic membrane (eardrum). The inflammation, hematomas, and hair may indicate irritation to the ear which is the first step in the pathogenesis of otitis externa. The external ear canal that is visible to the naked eye is examined for redness, swelling, and mats of hair and waxy material. The pinna of the ear is examined for scratches, hair loss and swelling. The annular cartilage acts as the framework for the vertical canal and is attached to the external acoustic process and the auricular cartilage. The auricular cartilage forms the pinna, the base of the ear, the horizontal and part of the vertical canal. There are two cartilage segments that support the external ear and the ear canal. The pinna of the external ear may vary a great deal between breeds. I's function is for both hearing and equilibrium. The inner ear consists of the semicircular canals and the cochlea.
It's funiction is as a sound conducting system The tympanic membrane separates the external ear from the middle ear.ģ. The middle ear consists of the tympanic membrane (the eardrum), the tympanic cavity, and the stapes, incus, and malleus. Its function is as a sound collecting system.Ģ. The external ear consists of the pinna and external auditory meatus.
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